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James Lee
 

James D. Lee
Professor of Engineering and Applied Science 

Office: Academic Center-Room T733
Tel:    (202) 994-5971
Fax:    (202) 994-0238
E-Mail: jdlee@gwu.edu
Office Hours for Fall 2004: 
M - by appointment                          T - 2 to 4pm 
W - by appointment                          R - 2 to 4pm 
F - by appointment
Education:

Ph.D. Princeton University, June 1971 
Major - Continuum Mechanics 
Minor - Physics and Applied Mathematics 

M.S. Rice University, June 1967 

B.S. National Taiwan University, June 1964 
 
Specialty Areas:
  • Solid Mechanics and Material Science 
  • Microcontinuum Physics
  • Finite Element Methods, Meshless Methods  
  • Solid State Physics
Current Research Interests:
  • Multi-scale theory for multi-physics 
  • Nanotechnology: molecular dynamics and microcontinuum theory
  • Microscopic modeling of coupled thermomechanical and electromagnetic phenomena 
  • Modeling of smart materials and structures
  • Meshless analysis of nonlocal field theories
Current Sponsored Research
  • NSF Grant: From Atoms to Continuum: A Multi-scale Multi-phenomena Theory, 2003-2006.
  • NSF Grant: Predicting and Optimizing Nano/Micro Sensor Material Behavior in Extreme Environments, 2004-2007.
Research assistantship is available for
graduate students with master degree in
material science or engineering physics.
Biography:

Since 1990, James D. Lee has taught at the Department of MAE. He is a registered Professional Engineer in Washington, DC and a member of  ASME,  and Sigma Xi. 

He has been teaching and/or doing research in universities (Purdue U., West Virginia U., U. of Akron, U. of Minnesota and GWU), industry (The General Tire and Rubber Company), and US government laboratories (NIST and NASA).  His research fields include liquid crystals, fracture mechanics, composite materials, numerical analyses, control, robotics, metal forming process, finite element methods, meshless methods and microcontinuum physics. Most recently, he has been doing research on multi-scale multi-physics to bridge the gap between atomistic model and continuum field theory.

He has been a principal investigator of research grants awarded by NASA and NSF. He has directed eight doctoral dissertations and many master theses. He has published more than 100 technical papers including 60 referred journal articles. 
 
Course Director/Instructor:

(1)Electromechanical Control Systems (MAE 246)
(2)Advanced Finite Element Methods in Structural Mechanics(MAE 288)
(4)Engineering Analysis I (ApSc 113) 
(5)Electromechanical Control System Design (MAE 182) 
(6)Robotic Systems Design and Applications (MAE 197) 
(7)Introduction to Vibration Analysis (MAE 134) 
(8)Theory of Elasticity I (MAE 207) 
(9)Mechanics of Composite Materials (MAE 233) 
(10)Analytical Methods in Engineering II (ApSc 212) 
(11)Analytical Methods in Engineering III (ApSc 213) 
(12)Robotic Systems (MAE 245) 
(13)Continuum Mechanics (MAE 210) 
(14)Fracture Mechanics (MAE 232) 
(15)Applied Finite Element Method (MAE 287)
Publications:
Most Recent Publications:
  1. Lee J. D. and Chen Y. (2004), "Material forces in micromorphic thermoelastic solids", Philosophers' Magazine, submitted for publication.
  2. Chen Y. and Lee J. D. (2004), "Materials forces for dynamic crack propagation in multiphase micromorphic materials", Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, to appear in 42/3.
  3. Chen Y. and Lee J. D. (2004), "Multiscale Modeling of Polycrystalline Silicon", International Journal of Engineering Science, 42, pp 987-1000.
  4. Chen Y., Eskandarian A., M. S. Oskard, and Lee J. D. (2004), "Meshless analysis of plasticity with application to crack growth problems", Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 41/1-3, pp 83-94.
  5. Chen Y., Lee J. D. and Eskandarian A. (2004), "Micropolar Theory and its applications to mesoscopic and microscopic problems", Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, 5, pp 35-44.
  6. Chen Y., Lee J. D. and Eskandarian A. (2004), "Atomistic viewpoint of the applicability of microcontinuum theories", International Journal of Solids and Structures, 41, pp 2085-2097.
  7. Lee J. D., Chen Y. and Eskandarian A. (2004), "A Micromorphic Electromagnetic Theory", International Journal of Solid and Structures, 41, pp 2099-2110.
  8. Lee J. D. and Chen Y. (2004), "Electormagnetic Wave Propagation in Micromorphic Elastic Solids", International Journal of Engineering Science, 42, pp 841-848.
  9. Youping Chen and James D. Lee, "Connecting molecular dynamics to micromorphic theory, Part I: instantaneous and averaged mechanical variables", Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 322, 359-376, 2003.
  10. Youping Chen and James D. Lee, "Connecting molecular dynamics to micromorphic theory, Part II: balance laws", Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 322, 377-392, 2003.
  11. Youping Chen and James D. Lee, "Determining Material Constants in Micromorphic Theory through Phonon Dispersion Relations", International Journal of Engineering Science, 41, pp 871-886, 2003.
  12. Youping Chen, James D. Lee and Azim Eskandarian, "Atmoistic counterpart of micromorphic theory", Acta Mechanica, 161, 81-102, 2003.
  13. W. Zeng, M. T. Manzari, J. D. Lee and Y. L. Shen, "Domain Switching Effect on Fracture of Piezoelectric Solids", Journal of Mechanics Research Communications, Vol. 30, 2003, pp. 267-275.
  14. W. Zeng, M. T. Manzari, J. D. Lee and Y. L. Shen, "An Analysis of the Effect of Domain Switching on Fracture Behavior of Piezoelectric Solids, Smart Materials and Structures", Vol. 12, No. 1, 2003, pp 88-95.
  15. W. Zeng, M.T. Manzari, J. D. Lee and Y. L. Shen, Fully-coupled Non-linear Analysis of Piezoelectric Solids Involving Domain Switching, International Journal of Numerical Methods in Engineering, Vol. 56, No. 1, 2003, pp. 13-34.
  16. James D Lee and Youping Chen, “A constitutive relations of micromorphic thermoplasticity”, International Journal of Engineering Science, 41, pp387-399, 2003.
  17. Youping Chen, James D. Lee and Azim Eskandarian, “Examining physical foundation of continuum theories from viewpoint of phonon dispersion relations”, International Journal of Engineering Science, 41, pp61-83, 2003. 
  18. Youping Chen, James D. Lee and Azim Eskandarian, “ Dynamic meshless method applied to nonlocal cracked problems”, Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 38, 293-300, 2002
  19. Youping Chen, James Lee and Azim Eskandarian, “Applicability analysis of continuum theories from viewpoint of phonon dispersion relations”, US 14th Congress of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, June 22-27, 2002, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
  20. Youping Chen, James Lee and Azim Eskandarian, “Connecting Discrete Atomic Model to Microcontinuum Field Theories”, 39th Annual Conference of the Society of Engineering Science, October 13-16, 2002, Pennsylvania.
  21. Youping Chen, James D Lee and Azim Eskandarian, “Finding Material Constants in Micromorphic Theory through Phonon Dispersion Relations”, Proceedings of International Conference of Computational Engineering and Science, July 29 –Aug. 2, 2002, Reno, Nevada.
  22. Youping Chen and James D Lee, “Analysis of Phonon Dispersion Relations: From Atomistic Model to Continuum Theory,” Technical Proceedings of the 2002 International conference on Computational Nanoscience”, April 22-25,2002, San Juan, Puerto Rico, U.S.A.
  23. Youping Chen, Azim Eskandarian, C-D. Kan and James D Lee, “ Thermo-plastic effects on structural behavior during crush and impact”, Int. J. Vehicle Design, Vol. 30, 22-32, 2002 
  24. Youping Chen, James D Lee and Azim Eskandarian, “Local and Nonlocal Meshless Method of Fracture Mechanics”, Proceedings of International Conference of Computational Engineering and Science, July 29 –Aug. 2, 2002, Reno, Nevada.
  25. James D. Lee and Youping Chen  “A Constitutive Theory of Electromagnetic Microcontinuum”, US 14th Congress of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, June 22-27, 2002, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.

 
Other Journal Articles

  1. James D Lee and Youping Chen, “A theory of thermo-visco-elastic-plastic material: thermomechanical coupling in simple shear”, Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 35, 187-209, 2001.   
  2. J. D. Lee, M. T. Manzari, Y. L. Shen, and W. Zeng, "A Finite Element Approach to Transcient Thermal Analysis of Work Rolls in Rolling Process," ASME Transactions Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 122, pp.706-716, 2000.
  3. J. D. Lee and Y. Chen, "Non-Steady-State Elastic-Plastic Behavior of Metal Forming (Rolling) with a generalized Friction Law,"Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 33, pp.93-99, 2000.
  4. J. D. Lee and S. Shen, "The Contact and Friction Problem in Rolling Process," Proc. Instn. Mech. Engs., Vol 214, Part K, pp.61-69, 2000. 
  5. J. D. Lee, S. Shen, M. T. Manzari, and Y. L. Shen, "Structural Control Algorithms in Earthquake Resistant Design," Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 4, pp.67-96, 2000.
  6. J. D. Lee, "A Large-Strain Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Analysis of Rolling Process," Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 161, pp.315-347, 1998.
  7. K. Y. Lee, J. D. Lee, and H. Liebowitz, "Finite Element Analysis of the Slow Crack Growth Process in Mixed Mode Fracture," Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 56, pp.551-577, 1997 .
  8. J. D. Lee, H. Liebowitz, and K. Y. Lee, "The Quest of a Universal Fracture Law Governing the Process of Slow Crack Growth," Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 55, pp.61-83, 1996 .
  9.  M. E. Pachajoa, M. K. Frances, and J. D. Lee, "Stress and Failure Analysis of Composite Structures," Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 50, pp.883-902, 1995.
  10. P. M. Haefele and J. D. Lee, "The Constant Stress Term," Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 50, pp.869-882, 1995. 
  11. P. M. Haefele and J. D. Lee, "Combination of Finite Element Analysis and Analytical Crack Tip Solution for Mixed Mode Fracture," Engineering fracture Mechanics, 50, pp.849-868, 1995.
  12. H. Liebowitz, J. S. Sandhu, J. D. Lee, and F. C. M. Menandro," Computational Fracture Mechanics: Research and Application," Engineering Fractures Mechanics, 50, pp.653-670, 1995. 
  13. H. Liebowitz, J. S. Sandhu, F. C. M. Menandro, and J. D. Lee, "Smart  Computational Fracture of Materials and Structures," Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 50, pp.639-651,  1995.
  14. M. E. Pachajoa, K. Y. Lee, and J. D. Lee, "Progressive Failure Analysis of Composite Structures Made of Thermo-Elastic Solids," Composites Engineering, 4, pp. 503-523, 1994. 
  15. G. L. Domani and J. D. Lee, "An Investigation of a Dynamic Crack Propagation in a Two-Dimensional Viscoelastic Solid," Engineering Fracture Nechanics, 46, pp.807-813, 1993. 
  16. J. D. Lee, "Optimal Control of Flexible Parallel Link Robotic Manipulator," Computers and Structures, 48, pp.375-386, 1993. 
  17. J. D. Lee and Z. Geng, "Dynamic Model of Flexible Stewart   Platform,"  Computers and Structures, 48, pp.367-374, 1993. 
  18. Z. Geng, L. S. Haynes, J. D. Lee, and R. L. Carroll, "On the Dynamic Model and Kinematic Analysis of a Class of Stewart Platforms," Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 9, pp.237-254, 1992. 
  19. J. D. Lee, "Application of Optimal Control Theory to Flexible Robotic Manipulators," Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 7,  pp.327-335, 1990. 
  20. J. H. Chiou, J. D. Lee, and A. G. Erdman, "Development of A Three Dimensional Finite Element Proqram for Large Strain Elastic-Plastic Solids," Computers & Structures, 36, pp.631-645, 1990.
  21. J. D. Lee, J. S. Albus, N. G. Dagalakis, and T. Tsai, "Computer Simulation of a Parallel Link Manipulator," Robotics and computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 5, pp.333-342, 1989. 
  22. N. G. Dagalakis, J. S. Albus, B. L. Wang, J. Unger, and J. D.Lee, "Stiffness Study of a Parallel Link Robot Crane for Shipbuilding Applications," ASME Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, 111, pp.183-193, 1989. 
  23. J. D. Lee and B. L. Wang, "Dynamic Equations for Two-Link Flexible Robot Arm," Computers & Structures, 29, pp.469-477, 1988. 
  24. J. D. Lee and B. L. Wang, "Optimal Control of Flexible robot Arm," Computers & Structures, 29, pp.459-467, 1988. 
  25. J. D. Lee, "Finite Element Procedures for Larqe Strain Elastic-Plastic Theories," Computers & Structures, 28, pp.395-406, 1988. 
  26. J. D. Lee and L. S. Haynes, "Finite Element Analysis of Flexible Fixturing System," J. Engineering For Industry, 109, pp.134-139,1987. 
  27. J. H. Chiou, J. D. Lee, and A. G. Erdman, "Comparison Between Two Theories of Plasticity," Computers & Structures, 24, pp.23-37, 1986. 
  28. J. D. Lee, "Finite Element Formulation of Large Strain Incompressible Elasti-Plastic Solid, Computers & Structures, 22, pp.773-783, 1986. 
  29. J. D. Lee and H. Liebowitz, "Dynamic Crack Propagation in Elastic Solid," Journal de Phyqique, Colloque C5, supplement au no. 8, Tome 46, pp. 257-269, 1985.
  30. J. D. Lee, S. Du, and H. Liebowitz, "Three-Dimensional Finite Element and Dynamic Analysis of Composite Laminate Subjected to Impact," Computers & Structures, 19, pp.807-813, 1984. 
  31. S. Du and J. D. Lee, "Variations of Various Fracture Parameters during the Process of Subcritical Crack Growth," Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 17, pp.173-183, 1983. 
  32. W. Shen and J. D. Lee, "The Nonlinear Energy Method for Mixed Mode Fracture, " Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 16, pp.783-798, 1982. 
  33. S. Du and J. D. Lee, "Finite Element Analysis of Slow Crack Growth," Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 16, pp.229-245, 1982. 
  34. J. D. Lee, "Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Damage Accumulation in Composite laminate," Computers & Structures, 15, pp.335-350, 1982. 
  35. J. D. Lee, "Three-Dimensional finite Element Analysis of Layered Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials," Computers & Structures, 12, pp.319-339, 1980. 
  36. J. D. Lee, H. Liebowitz, and N. Subramonian, "Mechanics of Fracture- Fundamentals and Some Recent Developments," Israel Journal of Technology, 17, pp.273-294, 1979. 
  37. J. D. Lee and H. Liebowitz, "Consideration of Crack Growth and Plasticity in Finite Element Analysis," Computers & Structures, 8, pp.403-410, 1978. 
  38. H. Liebowitz, J. D. Lee, and J. Eftis, "Biaxial Load Effects in Fracture Mechanics," Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 10, pp.315-335, 1978. 
  39. J. D. Lee and H. Liebowitz, "The Nonlinear and Biaxial Effects on Enerqy Release Rate. J-Integral. and Stress Intensity Factor," Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 9, pp.765-779, 1977. 
  40. J. D. Lee and A. C. Eringen, "A Reply to Shahinpoor's Comments on Alignment of Nematic Liquid Crystals," J. Chem. Phys., 63, pp.1321-1322, 1975. 
  41. J. D. Lee and S. L. Koh, "Transverse Plane Motion of an Unidirectional Composite," Letters in Appl. & Engrg. Sci., 1, p. 407, 1973. 
  42. B. M. Chiu and J. D. Lee, "On the Plane Problem in Micropolar Elasticity," Int. J. Engrg. Sci., 11, pp. 997-1012, 1973. 
  43. J. D. Lee and A. C. Eringen, "Continuum Theory of Smectic Liquid Crystals," J. Chem. Phys., 58, pp. 4203-4211, 1973. 
  44. J. D. Lee and A. C. Eringen, "Boundary Effects on Orientation of Nematic Liquid Crystals," J. Chem. Phys., 55, pp. 4509-4512, 1971. 
  45. J. D. Lee and A. C. Eringen, "Alignment of Nematic Liquid Crystals," J. Chem. Phys., 55, pp. 4504-4508, 1971. 
  46. J. D. Lee and A. C. Eringen, "Wave Propagation in Nematic Liquid Crystals," J. Chem. Phys., 54, pp. 5027-5034, 1971. 
  47. E. D. Lieberman, J. D. Lee, and F.C. Moon, "Anisotropic Ultrasonic Wave propaqation in a Nematic Liquid Crystal Placed in a Magnetic Field," Applied Physics Letters, 18, pp. 280-281, 1971.  
Selected Conference Papers
  1. Youping Chen, James D Lee and Azim Eskandarian, “Meshless Particle Methods for Nonlocal Continua”, in Advances in Computational Engineering & Sciences (edited by Atluri, Nishioka and Kikuchi), Tech Science Press, 2001.
  2. Youping Chen and James D Lee, “On Micropolar Field Theory and Its Applications”, in Advances in Computational Engineering & Sciences (edited by Atluri, Nishioka and Kikuchi), Tech Science Press, 2001.
  3. Lee J. D. and Chen Y. (2001), “A General Theory of Micropolar Thermoplasticity”, Technical Proceedings of the 2001 International conference on Computational Nanoscience”, March 19-21, 2001, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, USA. 
  4. Y. Chen, J. D. Lee, A. Eskandarian and N. E. Bedewi, "Adiabatic Shear Localization in Impact Problem," Proceedings of International Crashworthiness Conference, London, UK, September, 2000. 
  5. J. D. Lee, W. Zeng, and Y. Chen, "Wave Propagation and Temperature Elevation in Composite Laminate," Proceedings of ICCE/7, Denver, Colorado, July, 2000.
  6. J. D. Lee and Y. Chen, "A generalized Friction Law and its Application in Metal Forming (Rolling) Process," Mesomechanics 2000(edited by G. C. Sih), Proceedings of the International Conference on Role of Mesomechanics for Development of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China, June 13-16, pp.315-324, 2000.
  7. S. Shen and J. D. Lee, "Dynamic Crack Propagation in Thermovisco-elastic Solid," CD-ROM Proceeding of the 14th ASCE Engineering Nechanics Division Conference, Austin, Texas, 2000.
  8. J. D. Lee, M. T. Manzari, Y. L. Shen, and W. Zeng, "Finite Element Analysis of Transcient Thermal Problem of Work Rolls in Rolling Process," Proceedings of 1999 ASME IMECE: Symposium on Continuous Casting and Rolling Technologies, pp.39-47, Nashville, TN.1999.
  9. S. Shen and J. D. Lee, "Dynamic Finite Element Analysis of Thermo-mechanical Process in Composite," CD-ROM Proceeding of the 13th ASCE Engineering Mechanics Division Conference, Baltimore, MD, 1999.
  10. J. D. Lee and S. Shen, "Finite Element Analysis of Metal Forming (Rolling) Process," Proceeding of the Joint Conference of the 5th Int. Conf. on Automation Technology and the 1998 Int. Conf. on Production Research, Taipei, Taiwan, 1998. 
  11. J. D. Lee, S. Shen, M. T. Manzari, and Y. L. Shen, "Optimal Stochastic Control of Intelligent Structures," Proceedings of The Second World Conference on Structural Control, Kyoto, Japan, pp.1605-1613, 1998.  
  12. K. Y. Lee, J. D. Lee, and H. Liebowitz, "Finite Element Analysis of the Slow Crack Growth Process," Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference - Localised Damage 96, Fukuoka, Japan, 1996.
  13.  J. P. Chiou and J. D. Lee, "Dynamics and Control of a Flexible Parallel Link Robotic Manipulator," Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Automation Technology, V.5, pp.27-34, Taipei, Taiwan, 1994.
  14. Z. Geng, L. S. Haynes, and J. D. Lee, "Stewart Platform as an Intelligent Structure," Robotics and Manufacturing-Recent trends in research, education, and applications (edited by Jamshidi), vol.4, p.419, ASME Press, 1992. 
  15. Z. Geng, J. D. Lee, R. L. Carroll, and L. S. Haynes, "Learning Control System Desiqn Based on 2-D Theory -- An Application to Parallel Link Manipulator," Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pp.1510-1517, 1990. 
  16. Z. Geng, J. D. Lee, R. L. Carroll, and J. Xie, "Learninq Control System Desiqn for a Parallel Link Robot Manipulator," Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control 1990, pp.102-107, 1990.  
  17. J. D. Lee, "Finite Element Analysis of Elastic-Plastic Solids at Larqe Strain," Recent Advances in Engineering Sciences (edited by Koh and Speziale), Lecture Notes in Engineering, 39, pp.96-107, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1989.
  18. J. D. Lee, J. S. Albus, N. G. Dagalakis, and T. Tsai, "Performance Measures of a Robotic Micropositioner," Robotics and Manufacturing edited by Jamshidi, Luh, Seraji and Starr), pp.1047-1056, ASME Press, 1988.
  19. J. Unger, N. G. Dagalakis, T. Tsai, and J. D. Lee, "Optimum Stiffness Study for a Parallel Link Robot Crane Under Horizontal Force," Robotics and Manufacturing (edited by Jamshidi, Luh, Seraji and Starr),  pp.1037-1046, ASME Press, 1988.
  20. J. D. Lee, L. S. Haynes, B. L. Wang, and K. H. Tsai, "Control of Flexible Robot Arm," Modeling and Control of Robotic Manipulators and Manufacturing Processes (edited by Shoureshi, Youcef-Toumi, Kazerooni), ASME Press, 1987. 
  21. J. D. Lee and B. L. Wang, "Finite Element Analysis of Curved Composite   Laminate," Proceedings of International Symposium on Composite Materials and Structures, Beijing, China, June 1986.
  22. M. J. Lii and J. D. Lee, "Modal Analysis of Elastic Wave Propagation," proceedings of the 3rd International Modal Analysis Conference, held at Orlando, Florida, January 1985. 
  23. J. D. Lee, "Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Cumulative Damaqe in Layered Composite," (in Russian) Strength and Failure of Composite Materials (Edited by V.P. Tamuj), Riga, Zinatne, 1983.
  24. H. Liebowitz, J. D. Lee, and N. Subramonian, "Concepts of Linear and Nonlinear Fracture Mechanics," Defects and Fracture (edited by Sih and Zorski), Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Haque, 1982. 
  25. D. L. Jones, J. D. Lee, and H. Liebowitz, "Development of the Nonlinear Enerqy Method for Fracture Toughness Determination," Advances in Fracture Research (Fracture 81), (edited by Francois, et al), vol.4, pp.1769-1778, Pergamon Press, 1982. 
  26. H. Liebowitz, J. D. Lee, and N. Subramonian, "Some Aspects of the Mechanics of Fracture," Proceedings of the Symposium on Mechanical Behavior of Materials, pp.5-36, 1980, held in Argentina.
  27. H. Liebowitz, J. D. Lee, and N. Subramonian, "Effects of Plasticity and Crack Geometry on Fracture," Transactions of the 5th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor technology, G6/2, 1979. 
  28. H. Liebowitz, J. D. Lee, and N. Subramonian, "The Fracture Criteria for Crack Growth Under Biaxial Loading," Nonlinear and Dynamic Fracture Mechanics (edited by Perrone and Atluri), pp.157-169, ASME Press, 1979. 
  29. J. D. Lee, H. Liebowitz, and N. Subramonian, "Theoretical and Experimental Biaxial Studies," Fracture Mechanics (edited by Perrone, Liebowitz, Mulville, and Pilkey), University of Virginia Press, 1978. 
  30. J. D. Lee, "Theory of Fracture Mechanics Based Upon Plasticity," Recent Advances in Engineering Science, Volume 7 (edited by T.S.Chang), Scientific Publication, Inc., Boston, pp.133-140, 1976. 
  31. J. D. Lee and A. C. Eringen, "Relations of Two continuum Theories of Liquid Crystals," Ordered Fluids and Liquid Crystals (edited by Porter and Johnson), pp.315-330, American Chemical Society Publications, 1974. 
  32. A. C. Eringen and J. D. Lee, "Continuum Theory of Cholesteric Liquid Crystals," Ordered Fluids and Liquid Crystals (edited by Porter and Johnson), pp.383-402, American Chemical Society Publication, 1974.